LPIC1-102 (temario)

Shells, Scripting and Data Management

  • Customize and use the shell environment
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Set environment variables (e.g. PATH) at login or when spawning a new shell
      • Write Bash functions for frequently used sequences of commands
      • Maintain skeleton directories for new user accounts
      • Set command search path with the proper directory
    • The following is a partial list of the used files, terms and utilities:
      • .
      • source
      • /etc/bash.bashrc
      • /etc/profile
      • env
      • export
      • set
      • unset
      • ~/.bash_profile
      • ~/.bash_login
      • ~/.profile
      • ~/.bashrc
      • ~/.bash_logout
      • function
      • alias
      • lists
  • Customize or write simple scripts
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Use standard sh syntax (loops, tests)
      • Use command substitution
      • Test return values for success or failure or other information provided by a command
      • Perform conditional mailing to the superuser
      • Correctly select the script interpreter through the shebang (#!) line
      • Manage the location, ownership, execution and suid-rights of scripts
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • for
      • while
      • test
      • if
      • read
      • seq
      • exec
  • SQL data management
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Use of basic SQL commands
      • Perform basic data manipulation
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • insert
      • update
      • select
      • delete
      • from
      • where
      • group by
      • order by
      • join

Interfaces and Desktops

  • Install and configure X11
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Verify that the video card and monitor are supported by an X server
      • Awareness of the X font server
      • Basic understanding and knowledge of the X Window configuration file
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • /etc/X11/xorg.conf
      • xhost
      • DISPLAY
      • xwininfo
      • xdpyinfo
      • X
  • Setup a display manager
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Basic configuration of LightDM
      • Turn the display manager on or off
      • Change the display manager greeting
      • Awareness of XDM, KDM and GDM
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • lightdm
      • /etc/lightdm/
  • Accessibility
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Basic knowledge of keyboard accessibility settings (AccessX)
      • Basic knowledge of visual settings and themes
      • Basic knowledge of assistive technology (ATs)
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • Sticky/Repeat Keys
      • Slow/Bounce/Toggle Keys
      • Mouse Keys
      • High Contrast/Large Print Desktop Themes
      • Screen Reader
      • Braille Display
      • Screen Magnifier
      • On-Screen Keyboard
      • Gestures (used at login, for example GDM)
      • Orca
      • GOK
      • emacspeak

Administrative Tasks

  • Manage user and group accounts and related system files
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Add, modify and remove users and groups
      • Manage user/group info in password/group databases
      • Create and manage special purpose and limited accounts
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • /etc/passwd
      • /etc/shadow
      • /etc/group
      • /etc/skel/
      • chage
      • getent
      • groupadd
      • groupdel
      • groupmod
      • passwd
      • useradd
      • userdel
      • usermod
  • Automate system administration tasks by scheduling jobs
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Manage cron and at jobs
      • Configure user access to cron and at services
      • Configure anacron
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • /etc/cron.{d,daily,hourly,monthly,weekly}/
      • /etc/at.deny
      • /etc/at.allow
      • /etc/crontab
      • /etc/cron.allow
      • /etc/cron.deny
      • /var/spool/cron/
      • crontab
      • at
      • atq
      • atrm
      • anacron
      • /etc/anacrontab
  • Localisation and internationalisation
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Configure locale settings and environment variables
      • Configure timezone settings and environment variables
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • /etc/timezone
      • /etc/localtime
      • /usr/share/zoneinfo/
      • LC_*
      • LC_ALL
      • LANG
      • TZ
      • /usr/bin/locale
      • tzselect
      • timedatectl
      • date
      • iconv
      • UTF-8
      • ISO-8859
      • ASCII
      • Unicode

Essential System Services

  • Maintain system time
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Set the system date and time
      • Set the hardware clock to the correct time in UTC
      • Configure the correct timezone
      • Basic NTP configuration
      • Knowledge of using the pool.ntp.org service
      • Awareness of the ntpq command
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • /usr/share/zoneinfo/
      • /etc/timezone
      • /etc/localtime
      • /etc/ntp.conf
      • date
      • hwclock
      • ntpd
      • ntpdate
      • pool.ntp.org
  • System logging
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Configuration of the syslog daemon
      • Understanding of standard facilities, priorities and actions
      • Configuration of logrotate
      • Awareness of rsyslog and syslog-ng
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • syslog.conf
      • syslogd
      • klogd
      • /var/log/
      • logger
      • logrotate
      • /etc/logrotate.conf
      • /etc/logrotate.d/
      • journalctl
      • /etc/systemd/journald.conf
      • /var/log/journal/
  • Mail Transfer Agent (MTA) basics
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Create e-mail aliases
      • Configure e-mail forwarding
      • Knowledge of commonly available MTA programs (postfix, sendmail, qmail, exim) (no configuration)
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • ~/.forward
      • sendmail emulation layer commands
      • newaliases
      • mail
      • mailq
      • postfix
      • sendmail
      • exim
      • qmail
      • ~/.forward
      • sendmail emulation layer commands
      • newaliases
  • Manage printers and printing
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Basic CUPS configuration (for local and remote printers)
      • Manage user print queues
      • Troubleshoot general printing problems
      • Add and remove jobs from configured printer queues
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • CUPS configuration files, tools and utilities
      • /etc/cups/
      • lpd legacy interface (lpr, lprm, lpq)

Networking Fundamentals

  • Fundamentals of internet protocols
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Demonstrate an understanding of network masks and CIDR notation
      • Knowledge of the differences between private and public «dotted quad» IP addresses
      • Knowledge about common TCP and UDP ports and services (20, 21, 22, 23, 25, 53, 80, 110, 123, 139, 143, 161, 162, 389, 443, 465, 514, 636, 993, 995)
      • Knowledge about the differences and major features of UDP, TCP and ICMP
      • Knowledge of the major differences between IPv4 and IPv6
      • Knowledge of the basic features of IPv6
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • /etc/services
      • IPv4, IPv6
      • Subnetting
      • TCP, UDP, ICMP
  • Basic network configuration
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Manually and automatically configure network interfaces
      • Basic TCP/IP host configuration
      • Setting a default route
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • /etc/hostname
      • /etc/hosts
      • /etc/nsswitch.conf
      • ifconfig
      • ifup
      • ifdown
      • ip
      • route
      • ping
  • Basic network troubleshooting
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Manually and automatically configure network interfaces and routing tables to include adding, starting, stopping, restarting, deleting or reconfiguring network interfaces
      • Change, view, or configure the routing table and correct an improperly set default route manually
      • Debug problems associated with the network configuration
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • ifconfig
      • ip
      • ifup
      • ifdown
      • route
      • host
      • hostname
      • dig
      • netstat
      • ping
      • ping6
      • traceroute
      • traceroute6
      • tracepath
      • tracepath6
      • netcat
  • Configure client side DNS
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Query remote DNS servers
      • Configure local name resolution and use remote DNS servers
      • Modify the order in which name resolution is done
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • /etc/hosts
      • /etc/resolv.conf
      • /etc/nsswitch.conf
      • host
      • dig
      • getent

Security

  • Perform security administration tasks
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Audit a system to find files with the suid/sgid bit set
      • Set or change user passwords and password aging information
      • Being able to use nmap and netstat to discover open ports on a system
      • Set up limits on user logins, processes and memory usage
      • Determine which users have logged in to the system or are currently logged in
      • Basic sudo configuration and usage
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • find
      • passwd
      • fuser
      • lsof
      • nmap
      • chage
      • netstat
      • sudo
      • /etc/sudoers
      • su
      • usermod
      • ulimit
      • who, w, last
  • Setup host security
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Awareness of shadow passwords and how they work
      • Turn off network services not in use
      • Understand the role of TCP wrappers
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • /etc/nologin
      • /etc/passwd
      • /etc/shadow
      • /etc/xinetd.d/
      • /etc/xinetd.conf
      • /etc/inetd.d/
      • /etc/inetd.conf
      • /etc/inittab
      • /etc/init.d/
      • /etc/hosts.allow
      • /etc/hosts.deny
  • Securing data with encryption
    • Key Knowledge Areas:
      • Perform basic OpenSSH 2 client configuration and usage
      • Understand the role of OpenSSH 2 server host keys
      • Perform basic GnuPG configuration, usage and revocation
      • Understand SSH port tunnels (including X11 tunnels)
    • Terms and Utilities:
      • ssh
      • ssh-keygen
      • ssh-agent
      • ssh-add
      • ~/.ssh/id_rsa and id_rsa.pub
      • ~/.ssh/id_dsa and id_dsa.pub
      • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_rsa_key and ssh_host_rsa_key.pub
      • /etc/ssh/ssh_host_dsa_key and ssh_host_dsa_key.pub
      • ~/.ssh/authorized_keys
      • ssh_known_hosts
      • gpg
      • ~/.gnupg/