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Introduction
Managing permissions with PowerShell is only a bit easier than in VBS or the command line as there are no cmdlets for most day-to-day tasks like getting a permission report or adding permission to an item. PowerShell only offers Get-Acl and Set-Acl but everything in between getting and setting the ACL is missing. This module closes the gap.
Documentation
For documentation plese refer to:
Comments, feature requests and bug reports are very welcome: [email protected]
Installation
Just create the folder «NTFSSecurity» in one of the standard module folders and copy the files attached in there. The standard module folders are in the environment variable %PSModulePath%, for example C:\Users\\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Modules.
For example, all the files in the zip file have to be in «C:\Users\raandree\Documents\WindowsPowerShell\Modules\NTFSSecurity». If you did this then the module should be listed in «Get-Module -ListAvailable» and can be imported using «Import-Module NTFSSecurity».
Description
The module provides 10 cmdlets to manage permissions on the file system, like adding and removing ACEs, setting the inheritance, getting the current permissions or even get the effective permissions for a certain user.
The available cmdlets are listed below with a short description. More information can be retreived in the PowerShell using Get-Help.
The name / SID translation is done by the Security2 class:
Security2 1.2.zip
All cmdlets have at least one parameter that supports the pipeline. They all can work with pipeline input coming from Get-ChildItem but some do more with what comes form the pipeline. For excample you can remove permission by piping what Get-Ace returns to Remove-Ace:
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dir | Get-Ace -ExcludeInherited | Remove-Ace |
The pipeline support can also be used to backup and restore permissions of one or many items:
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#to backup permissions just pipe what Get-Ace returns to Export-Csv dir | Get-Ace -ExcludeInherited | Export-Csv permissions.csv #to retore the permissions pipe the imported data to Add-Ace #As the imported data also contains the path you do not need to specify the item Restore: Import-Csv .\permissions.csv | Add-Ace |
All cmdlets can handle SIDs and also SamAccountNames. The output contains always both unless a SID is not resolvable.
The types.ps1xml file is extending the common objects with some useful information and the format.ps1xml file formats all the output in almost the same way like the Get-ChildItem output.
By implementing the [Process Privilege https://processprivileges.codeplex.com/] project the cmdlets can activate the required privileges for setting the ownership for example.
Add-Ace
Adds a specific ace to the current object. This can be done in just one line:
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Get-Item .\VMWare | Add-Ace -Account Contoso\JohnD -AccessRights FullControl |
Get-Ace
Gives you a list of all permissions . normally you are interested not in the inherited permissions so the switch ExcludeInherited can be useful
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Get-Item F:\backup | Get-Ace -ExcludeInherited |
Filtering works with Where-Object
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Get-Item F:\backup | Get-Ace | Where-Object { $_.ID -like "*users*" } |
Get-OrphanedAce
Lists all permissions that can no longer be resolved. This normally happens if the account is no longer available so the permissions show up as a SID and not as an account name.
To remove all non-resolvable or orphaned permissions you can use the following line. But be very careful with that as maybe the account is not resolvable due to a network problem.
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dir -Recurse | Get-OrphanedAce | Remove-Ace |
Remove-Ace
Removes the permission for a certain account. As the pipeline is supported it takes also
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ACEs coming from Get-Ace or Get-Get-OrphanedAce |
Get-EffectivePermissions
Shows the permissions an account actually has on a file or folder. If no parameter is specified it shows the effective permissions for the current user. However you can supply a user by using the SID or account name
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Get-Item F:\backup | Get-EffectivePermissions -Account S-1-5-32-545 |
Get-Inheritance
Shows if inheritance is blocked
Enable-Inheritance
It can be a problem if certain files or folders on a volume have inheritance disabled. Making sure that inheritance is enabled can be done using this cmdlets:
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Get-Item .\Data -Recurse | Enable-Inheritance |
Disable-Inheritance
See Enable-Inheritance
Get-Owner
Shows the owner of a file or folder
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dir -Recurse | Get-Owner |
Set-Owner
Sets the owner to a specific account like:
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Get-Item .\Data | Set-Owner -Account builtin\administrators |
More information
https://gallery.technet.microsoft.com/scriptcenter/1abd77a5-9c0b-4a2b-acef-90dbb2b84e85