Contenidos
Gestión del hardware
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#Computer System Hardware Classes #Cooling Device Classes Get-WmiObject Win32_Fan Get-WmiObject Win32_HeatPipe Get-WmiObject Win32_Refrigeration Get-WmiObject Win32_TemperatureProbe #Input Device Classes Get-WmiObject Win32_Keyboard Get-WmiObject Win32_PointingDevice #Mass Storage Classes Get-WmiObject Win32_AutochkSetting Get-WmiObject Win32_CDROMDrive Get-WmiObject Win32_DiskDrive Get-WmiObject Win32_FloppyDrive Get-WmiObject Win32_PhysicalMedia Get-WmiObject Win32_TapeDrive #Motherboard, Controller, and Port Classes Get-WmiObject Win32_1394Controller Get-WmiObject Win32_1394ControllerDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_AllocatedResource Get-WmiObject Win32_AssociatedProcessorMemory Get-WmiObject Win32_BaseBoard Get-WmiObject Win32_BIOS Get-WmiObject Win32_Bus Get-WmiObject Win32_CacheMemory Get-WmiObject Win32_ControllerHasHub Get-WmiObject Win32_DeviceBus Get-WmiObject Win32_DeviceMemoryAddress Get-WmiObject Win32_DeviceSettings Get-WmiObject Win32_DMAChannel Get-WmiObject Win32_FloppyController Get-WmiObject Win32_IDEController Get-WmiObject Win32_IDEControllerDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_InfraredDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_IRQResource Get-WmiObject Win32_MemoryArray Get-WmiObject Win32_MemoryArrayLocation Get-WmiObject Win32_MemoryDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_MemoryDeviceArray Get-WmiObject Win32_MemoryDeviceLocation Get-WmiObject Win32_MotherboardDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_OnBoardDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_ParallelPort Get-WmiObject Win32_PCMCIAController Get-WmiObject Win32_PhysicalMemory Get-WmiObject Win32_PhysicalMemoryArray Get-WmiObject Win32_PhysicalMemoryLocation Get-WmiObject Win32_PNPAllocatedResource Get-WmiObject Win32_PNPDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_PNPEntity Get-WmiObject Win32_PortConnector Get-WmiObject Win32_PortResource Get-WmiObject Win32_Processor Get-WmiObject Win32_SCSIController Get-WmiObject Win32_SCSIControllerDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_SerialPort Get-WmiObject Win32_SerialPortConfiguration Get-WmiObject Win32_SerialPortSetting Get-WmiObject Win32_SMBIOSMemory Get-WmiObject Win32_SoundDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_SystemBIOS Get-WmiObject Win32_SystemDriverPNPEntity Get-WmiObject Win32_SystemEnclosure Get-WmiObject Win32_SystemMemoryResource Get-WmiObject Win32_SystemSlot Get-WmiObject Win32_USBController Get-WmiObject Win32_USBControllerDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_USBHub #Networking Device Classes Get-WmiObject Win32_NetworkAdapter Get-WmiObject Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration Get-WmiObject Win32_NetworkAdapterSetting #Power Classes Get-WmiObject Win32_Battery Get-WmiObject Win32_CurrentProbe Get-WmiObject Win32_PortableBattery Get-WmiObject Win32_PowerManagementEvent Get-WmiObject Win32_VoltageProbe #Printing Classes Get-WmiObject Win32_DriverForDevice Get-WmiObject Win32_Printer Get-WmiObject Win32_PrinterConfiguration Get-WmiObject Win32_PrinterController Get-WmiObject Win32_PrinterDriver Get-WmiObject Win32_PrinterDriverDll Get-WmiObject Win32_PrinterSetting Get-WmiObject Win32_PrintJob Get-WmiObject Win32_TCPIPPrinterPort #Telephony Classes Get-WmiObject Win32_POTSModem Get-WmiObject Win32_POTSModemToSerialPort #Video and Monitor Classes Get-WmiObject Win32_DesktopMonitor Get-WmiObject Win32_DisplayControllerConfiguration Get-WmiObject Win32_VideoController Get-WmiObject Win32_VideoSettings Get-WmiObject Win32_Processor Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Processor Get-WmiObject -query "select * from Win32_Processor" Get-WmiObject Win32_PnPEntity Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_PnPEntity Get-WmiObject -query "select * from Win32_PnPEntity" Get-WmiObject Win32_battery Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_battery Get-WmiObject -query "select * from Win32_battery" |
Ejemplos
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Get-WmiObject win32_processor | Select-Object LoadPercentage Get-WmiObject -query "select NumberOfCores from Win32_Processor" Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Processor | Select-Object NumberOfCores Get-WmiObject -query "select Name,Status from Win32_PnPEntity" Get-WmiObject -query "select * from Win32_PnPEntity" | Select-Object Name, Status Get-WmiObject -query "select * from Win32_PnPEntity where caption like '%cam%'" Get-WmiObject Win32_PnPEntity | where {$_.caption -match 'webcam'} gwmi Win32_USBControllerDevice |%{[wmi]($_.Dependent)} | Sort Manufacturer,Description,DeviceID | Ft -GroupBy Manufacturer Description,Service,DeviceID Get-WmiObject -Class win32_battery |
Gestión de archivos
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#Crear o modificar un archivo New-Item #Crear un directorio New-Item #Ver el contenido de un archivo Get-Content #Acceder al contenido de un directorio Set-Location #Listar el contenido de un directorio Get-ChildItem #Eliminar un archivo Remove-Item #Eliminar un directorio Remove-Item #Copiar un archivo o un directorio Copy-Item #Mover un archivo o un directorio Move-Item #Renombrar un archivo o un directorio Rename-Item #Comprimir y descomprimir un archivo o un directorio Compress-Archive Expand-Archive #Imprimir Out-Printer #Ver carpetas compartidas Get-SmbShare Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Share #Compartir carpeta New-SmbShare #Ver y asignar permisos Get-Acl Set-Acl New-Object -TypeName System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule |
Ejemplos
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#Comprimir Compress-Archive -LiteralPath C:\powershell\example.txt -CompressionLevel Optimal -DestinationPath C:\powershell\comprimido.zip #Actualizar un archivo comprimido Compress-Archive -LiteralPath C:\powershell\example2.txt -Update -DestinationPath C:\powershell\comprimido.zip #Descomprimir Expand-Archive -LiteralPath C:\powershell\comprimido.zip -DestinationPath C:\powershell\descomprimir #Crear y recurso compartido New-SmbShare -Name fso -Path F:\power #Crear y asignar permisos a un recurso compartido New-SmbShare -Name fso -Path F:\power -FullAccess administrador -ReadAccess Everyone #Ver permisos Get-Acl D:\power #Añadir permisos mediante reglas de acceso $permisos = Get-Acl -Path D:\power #Crear regla de acceso #System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule: Representa una abstracción de una entrada de control de acceso (ACE) que define una regla de acceso para un archivo o directorio $permisoadd = 'Todos', 'FullControl', 'ContainerInherit, ObjectInherit', 'None', 'Allow' $regla = New-Object -TypeName System.Security.AccessControl.FileSystemAccessRule -ArgumentList $permisoadd $permisos.SetAccessRule($regla) #Añadir permisos a la carpeta $permisos | Set-Acl -Path $ruta |
Agregar/Eliminar software
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Get-Package Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Product Install-Package |
Ejemplos
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#Ver el nombre de programas instalados (Get-Package).name (Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Product).name #Número de programas instalados (Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Product).count #Instalar un programa Install-Package filezilla #Ver en el Registro información sobre el software instalado Get-ChildItem hklm:\software\microsoft\windows\currentversion\uninstall | ForEach-Object {(Get-ItemProperty $_.pspath).DisplayName} |
Actualizar
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Get-HotFix |
Ejemplos
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#Información sobre actualizaciones instaladas Get-HotFix | Select-Object HotFixID,InstalledOn #Agrupar por descripción las actualizaciones instaladas en el equipo Get-HotFix | Group-Object Description #Listar por fecha las actualizaciones instaladas en el equipo Get-HotFix | Sort-Object InstalledOn |
Gestión de procesos
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Get-Process gps ps Get-WmiObject -Class win32_process Stop-Process Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Thread Get-Service Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Service Get-WmiObject -query "select * from win32_service" |
Ejemplos
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#Obtener información ampliada sobre procesos Get-Process | Select-Object * gps | Select-Object * ps | Select-Object * #Obtener información sobre las propiedades de los procesos Get-Process | Select-Object Name, Id, Company gps | Select-Object Name, Id, Company ps | Select-Object Name, Id, Company #Obtener información ordenada sobre las propiedades de los procesos Get-Process | Select-Object Name, Id, Company | Sort-Object Name gps | Select-Object Name, Id, Company | Sort-Object Name ps | Select-Object Name, Id, Company | Sort-Object Name #Obtener los 5 primeros procesos ordenados Get-Process | Select-Object Name, Id, Company | Sort-Object Name | Select-Object -First 5 gps | Select-Object Name, Id, Company | Sort-Object Name | Select-Object -First 5 ps | Select-Object Name, Id, Company | Sort-Object Name | Select-Object -First 5 #Contador de procesos (Get-WmiObject Win32_OperatingSystem).NumberOfProcesses (Get-Process).count #Información sobre procesos Get-Process | Select-Object Name,Path,Company,CPU,Product,TotalProcessorTime,StartTime #Seleccionar nombre de procesos y compañía Get-Process | select Company,Name #Información sobre procesos #Name #CPUSeconds #WorkingSetMB #TotalProcessorTime #Description Get-Process | ? {$_.TotalProcessorTime -ne $Null} | Select-Object -Property Name, @{Name="CPUSeconds"; Expression = {($_.CPU)}},@{Name="WorkingSetMB"; Expression = {($_.WorkingSet / 1mb)}},TotalProcessorTime, Description #DLL Get-Process | select -expand MainModule Get-Process | select -expand Modules #Mostrar todos los procesos y sus propiedades Get-Process | select * Get-WmiObject win32_process #Mostrar los procesos que ejecuta un usuario Get-WmiObject win32_process |% {Write-Host $_.processname $_.getowner().user} #Mostrar información sobre un proceso indicando el nombre del proceso Get-Process -Name notepad #Mostrar información sobre un proceso indicando el ID del proceso Get-Process -Id 2732 #Ordenar procesos por CPU y por memoria usada Get-Process | Sort-Object CPU,PM #Mostrar de forma jerárquica los procesos que se están ejecutando Get-Process | Select * | Format-Custom #Mostrar los identificadores de los procesos junto con sus identificadores padre Get-WmiObject win32_process | Select-Object ParentProcessId,ProcessId #Mostrar las propiedades especificadas de los procesos Get-Process | Select-Object Id,CPU,PM #Mostrar el tiempo transcurrido en la ejecución de un proceso Get-Process | Select-Object Id,TotalProcessorTime #Formas de arrancar un proceso $str = "Get-Process" Invoke-Expression $str $scriptblock = {ping host3} Invoke-Command -scriptblock $scriptblock -computername "host1","host2" #Información sobre hilos (Get-Process chrome | Select-Object Threads).Threads Get-Process | select -expand Threads #Prioridad de los hilos (Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Thread) | Select-Object ProcessHandle,Priority,PriorityBase | Sort-Object ProcessHandle (Get-Process).Threads | Select-Object Id,CurrentPriority,BasePriority | Sort-Object Id #Estado de los hilos (Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Thread) | Select-Object ProcessHandle,ThreadState | Sort-Object ProcessHandle (Get-Process).Threads | Select-Object Id,ThreadState | Sort-Object Id #WS(K): The size of the working set of the process, in kilobytes. The working set consists of the pages of memory that were recently referenced by the process @(Get-Process).where{$_.WorkingSet -gt 100MB} @(Get-Process).where{$_.WS -gt 100MB} #Ruta donde se ejecutan los procesos Get-Process -FileVersionInfo #Procesos que no responden (Get-Process).Where{-not $_.Responding} #Buscar procesos que se están ejecutando (Get-Process).Where{$_.Name -like "chrome"} #Formas de parar un proceso Get-Process -Name notepad | Stop-Process Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Process -Filter "name='notepad.exe'" | Invoke-WmiMethod -Name Terminate Get-Process -Name notepad | ForEach-Object -Process {$_.Kill()} #Listar y parar procesos Get-Process | Out-GridView -PassThru | Stop-Process #Información sobre servicios Get-Service Get-Service | Select-Object Name,Status Get-Service | Where-Object Status -EQ 'Running' Get-Service | Where-Object Status -EQ 'Stopped' #Listar servicios WQL Get-WmiObject -query "select * from win32_service" #Servicios que están Running Get-WmiObject -query "select * from win32_service where state='Running'" #Identificar servicios mediante identificadores de procesos Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Service | Select-Object Name,ProcessID #Información en el resgistro sobre estado de los servicios Get-ItemProperty -Path 'Registry::HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SYSTEM\CurrentControlSet\Services\*' | % {Write-host $_.DisplayName : $_.Start} |
Programación de tareas
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New-ScheduledTaskAction New-ScheduledTaskTrigger Register-ScheduledTask |
Ejemplos
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$action=New-ScheduledTaskAction -Execute 'Powershell.exe' -Argument '-NoProfile -WindowStyle Hidden -command D:\mysqlmail.ps1' $trigger=New-ScheduledTaskTrigger -Daily -At 9am Register-ScheduledTask -Action $action -Trigger $trigger -TaskName "TareaProgramada" -Description "Comprobación de valor" |
Gestión de usuarios
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#Windows 10 Add-LocalGroupMember Disable-LocalUser Enable-LocalUser Get-LocalGroup Get-LocalGroupMember Get-LocalUser New-LocalGroup New-LocalUser Remove-LocalGroup Remove-LocalGroupMember Remove-LocalUser Rename-LocalGroup Rename-LocalUser Set-LocalGroup Set-LocalUser #Active Directory Get-ADUser New-ADUser Set-ADAccountPassword Remove-ADUser Enable-ADAccount Disable-ADAccount Get-ADGroup New-ADGroup Add-ADGroupMember Remove-ADGroup |
Gestión del almacenamiento
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Flush-Volume Initialize-Volume Write-FileSystemCache Add-InitiatorIdToMaskingSet Add-PartitionAccessPath Add-PhysicalDisk Add-TargetPortToMaskingSet Add-VirtualDiskToMaskingSet Clear-Disk Clear-FileStorageTier Connect-VirtualDisk Disable-PhysicalDiskIndication Disable-StorageEnclosureIdentification Disconnect-VirtualDisk Dismount-DiskImage Enable-PhysicalDiskIndication Enable-StorageEnclosureIdentification Format-Volume Get-Disk Get-DiskImage Get-FileIntegrity Get-FileStorageTier Get-InitiatorId Get-InitiatorPort Get-MaskingSet Get-OffloadDataTransferSetting Get-Partition Get-PartitionSupportedSize Get-PhysicalDisk Get-ResiliencySetting Get-StorageEnclosure Get-StorageEnclosureVendorData Get-StorageJob Get-StorageNode Get-StoragePool Get-StorageProvider Get-StorageReliabilityCounter Get-StorageSetting Get-StorageSubSystem Get-StorageTier Get-StorageTierSupportedSize Get-SupportedClusterSizes Get-SupportedFileSystems Get-TargetPort Get-TargetPortal Get-VirtualDisk Get-VirtualDiskSupportedSize Get-Volume Get-VolumeCorruptionCount Get-VolumeScrubPolicy Hide-VirtualDisk Initialize-Disk Mount-DiskImage New-MaskingSet New-Partition New-StoragePool New-StorageSubsystemVirtualDisk New-StorageTier New-VirtualDisk New-VirtualDiskClone New-VirtualDiskSnapshot New-Volume Optimize-Volume Register-StorageSubsystem Remove-InitiatorId Remove-InitiatorIdFromMaskingSet Remove-MaskingSet Remove-Partition Remove-PartitionAccessPath Remove-PhysicalDisk Remove-StoragePool Remove-StorageTier Remove-TargetPortFromMaskingSet Remove-VirtualDisk Remove-VirtualDiskFromMaskingSet Rename-MaskingSet Repair-FileIntegrity Repair-VirtualDisk Repair-Volume Reset-PhysicalDisk Reset-StorageReliabilityCounter Resize-Partition Resize-StorageTier Resize-VirtualDisk Set-Disk Set-FileIntegrity Set-FileStorageTier Set-InitiatorPort Set-Partition Set-PhysicalDisk Set-ResiliencySetting Set-StoragePool Set-StorageProvider Set-StorageSetting Set-StorageSubSystem Set-StorageTier Set-VirtualDisk Set-Volume Set-VolumeScrubPolicy Show-VirtualDisk Unregister-StorageSubsystem Update-Disk Update-HostStorageCache Update-StoragePool Update-StorageProviderCache Write-VolumeCache Get-WmiObject -Class win32_DiskDrive Get-WmiObject win32_volume Get-WmiObject -Class win32_logicalDisk |
Ejemplos
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#Crear un disco virtual New-VirtualDisk -Path d:\disc.vhdx -SizeBytes 1GB #Mostrar información sobre los discos Get-WmiObject -Class win32_DiskDrive #Comprobar el espacio de las unidades Get-WmiObject win32_volume -computername . | select name, @{expression={$_.capacity/1GB}}, @{expression={$_.freespace/1GB}}, @{name="% Free";expression={$_.freespace/$_.capacity*100}} #Mostrar los nombres de las unidades de los discos lógicos Get-WmiObject -Class win32_logicalDisk | Select-Object DeviceID |
Gestión de la red
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Find-NetRoute Get-DnsClient Get-DnsClientCache Get-DnsClientGlobalSetting Get-DnsClientNrptGlobal Get-DnsClientNrptPolicy Get-DnsClientNrptRule Get-DnsClientServerAddress Get-NetAdapter Get-NetAdapterBinding Get-NetAdapterHardwareInfo Get-NetAdapterStatistics Get-NetCompartment Get-NetFirewallAddressFilter Get-NetFirewallApplicationFilter Get-NetFirewallInterfaceFilter Get-NetFirewallInterfaceTypeFilter Get-NetFirewallPortFilter Get-NetFirewallProfile Get-NetFirewallRule Get-NetFirewallSecurityFilter Get-NetFirewallServiceFilter Get-NetFirewallSetting Get-NetIPAddress Get-NetIPConfiguration Get-NetIPInterface Get-NetIPv4Protocol Get-NetIPv6Protocol Get-NetNat Get-NetNatExternalAddress Get-NetNatGlobal Get-NetNatSession Get-NetNatStaticMapping Get-NetNatTransitionConfiguration Get-NetNatTransitionMonitoring Get-NetNeighbor Get-NetOffloadGlobalSetting Get-NetPrefixPolicy Get-NetRoute Get-NetTCPConnection Get-NetTCPSetting Get-NetTransportFilter Get-NetUDPEndpoint Get-NetUDPSetting New-NetIPAddress New-NetNeighbor New-NetRoute New-NetTransportFilter Remove-NetIPAddress Remove-NetNeighbor Remove-NetRoute Remove-NetTransportFilter Set-NetIPAddress Set-NetIPInterface Set-NetIPv4Protocol Set-NetIPv6Protocol Set-NetNeighbor Set-NetOffloadGlobalSetting Set-NetRoute Set-NetTCPSetting Set-NetUDPSetting Test-NetConnection Get-WmiObject-ClassWin32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration |
Ejemplos
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#Información sobre conexiones #https://www.jesusninoc.com/2015/11/13/cmdlets-for-tcpip-model-layers/ Get-NetAdapterHardwareInfo Get-NetAdapter -Physical Get-NetNeighbor Get-NetAdapterStatistics Get-NetAdapter | Select-Object Name,MacAddress Get-NetAdapter | Select-Object Name,MacAddress Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration | Select-Object Description,MACAddress Get-NetAdapter | Select-Object Name,MacAddress Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration | Select-Object Description,MACAddress ((Get-NetAdapterBinding).DisplayName) -match 'Protocolo de Internet' (Get-NetIPInterface) | Select-Object InterfaceAlias,AddressFamily Get-NetIPv4Protocol Get-NetIPv6Protocol Get-NetRoute Get-NetNat Get-NetNatExternalAddress Get-NetNatGlobal Get-NetNatSession Get-NetNatStaticMapping Get-NetNatTransitionConfiguration Get-NetNatTransitionMonitoring Get-NetFirewallAddressFilter Get-NetFirewallApplicationFilter Get-NetFirewallInterfaceFilter Get-NetFirewallInterfaceTypeFilter Get-NetFirewallPortFilter Get-NetFirewallProfile Get-NetFirewallRule Get-NetFirewallSecurityFilter Get-NetFirewallServiceFilter Get-NetFirewallSetting Get-NetTCPSetting Get-NetTCPConnection Get-NetTCPConnection | Select-Object LocalPort,Remoteport Get-NetUDPSetting Get-NetUDPEndpoint (Get-NetUDPEndpoint).LocalPort Get-DnsClient Get-DnsClientCache Get-DnsClientGlobalSetting Get-DnsClientNrptGlobal Get-DnsClientNrptPolicy Get-DnsClientNrptRule Get-DnsClientServerAddress |
Copias de seguridad
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Add-WBBackupTarget Add-WBBareMetalRecovery Add-WBFileSpec Add-WBSystemState Add-WBVirtualMachine Add-WBVolume Get-WBBackupSet Get-WBBackupTarget Get-WBBackupVolumeBrowsePath Get-WBBareMetalRecovery Get-WBDisk Get-WBFileSpec Get-WBJob Get-WBPerformanceConfiguration Get-WBPolicy Get-WBSchedule Get-WBSummary Get-WBSystemState Get-WBVirtualMachine Get-WBVolume Get-WBVssBackupOption New-WBBackupTarget New-WBFileSpec New-WBPolicy Remove-WBBackupSet Remove-WBBackupTarget Remove-WBBareMetalRecovery Remove-WBCatalog Remove-WBFileSpec Remove-WBPolicy Remove-WBSystemState Remove-WBVirtualMachine Remove-WBVolume Restore-WBCatalog Resume-WBBackup Resume-WBVolumeRecovery Set-WBPerformanceConfiguration Set-WBPolicy Set-WBSchedule Set-WBVssBackupOption Start-WBApplicationRecovery Start-WBBackup Start-WBFileRecovery Start-WBHyperVRecovery Start-WBSystemStateRecovery Start-WBVolumeRecovery Stop-WBJob |
Reparación del sistema
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Get-ComputerRestorePoint Restore-Computer Get-ComputerRestorePoint |
Ejemplos
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#Restaurar el sistema a un punto de restauración anterior Restore-Computer -RestorePoint 253 #Restaurar y comprobar estado Get-ComputerRestorePoint Restore-Computer -RestorePoint 255 Get-ComputerRestorePoint -LastStatus |
Rendimiento del sistema
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Get-Process gps ps Get-WmiObject -Class win32_process Stop-Process Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Thread Get-Service Get-WmiObject -Class Win32_Service Get-WmiObject -query "select * from win32_service" Get-EventLog |
Ejemplos
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#Eventos System Get-EventLog system |